Antifouling Activity of Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Periostracum Extract

A research was conducted to determine the antifouling activity of periostracum extract from Corbicula fluminea against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Dried periostracum was extracted with different concentrations of dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA) and methanol (MeOH). Due to the polarity properties of the solvents, high antifouling activity was observed on DCM extract whilst moderate and low antifouling activity was observed on EA and MeOH extract respectively. Disc diffusion method was used to test antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. Three solvents which are DCM, EA and MeOH with different concentration were used as solvents in testing the antibacterial activity of bacteria. Antibacterial activity of the crude extract was obtained by measuring the inhibition zone. The results using this test revealed that, maximum inhibition zone of 11.50 ± 0.76 mm and 10.50 ± 0.27 mm were produced by DCM extract at with concentration of 200 ppm against S. aureus and E. coli respectively. Minimum inhibition zone of 9.17 mm ± 0.17 mm was produce by DCM extract with concentration of 70 ppm against S. aureus. As for E. coli, a minimum zone of 9.33 ± 0.16 mm was produced by EA extract with concentration of 150 ppm. From the study, it can be concluded that extract using DCM is the best for antifouling activity as it showed the highest antifouling activity for both tests.