Eco-friendly enzymatic dehairing of cowhide using thermostable alkaline protease 50a

This study aimed to address the environmental challenges posed by conventional dehairing methods in the leather industry by exploring the efficacy of an eco-friendly enzymatic approach. The problem statement highlighted the significant environmental pollution caused by traditional dehairing processes involving hazardous chemicals. The objectives were outlined to compare enzymatic methods with conventional approaches, assess the impact of different enzyme concentrations, and evaluate the water quality parameters of the treated wastewater. The methodology involved a comprehensive cleaning process of cowhides, enzyme assay, preparation of a standard curve, and various dehairing methods, including conventional, enzyme-assisted, and single enzyme treatments. Characterization of cowhide samples was done through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tensile tests to assess mechanical properties. Water quality assessment focused on pH and chemical oxygen demand (COD) values. Preservation methods for cowhides were discussed, emphasizing the importance of timely flaying and exploring eco-friendly alternatives. Dehairing methods were compared, highlighting the superior efficacy of enzyme assisted treatments, particularly with a 20% thermostable alkaline protease 50a solution. SEM revealed the positive impact of enzymatic treatments on grain surface quality. Tensile strength analysis indicated improvements with specific enzyme concentrations in both enzyme-assisted and single enzyme treatments. Water quality assessment post dehairing revealed the eco-friendliness of enzymatic methods, maintaining parameters within regulatory limits. In conclusion, this study presents a promising eco-friendly enzymatic dehairing approach using thermostable alkaline protease 50a, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional methods in the leather industry. The results suggest enhanced leather quality and reduced environmental impact, emphasizing the potential for widespread adoption of enzymatic dehairing practices