Determination of water microorganisms diversity in Sungai Kelantan, Kota Bharu.

Sungai Kelantan is the biggest and longest river in Kelantan State. Objective of this research is to determine water microorganism diversity in Sungai Kelantan, Kota Bharu using river water sample. Diversity determined by variety of morphology and abundance of both grams. The water sample took at three points of different depths which were at the surface, in the middle and at bottom. The water quality of Sungai Kelantan, Kota Bharu was determined by using YSI-85 multiparameter. Type of gram and shape of microorganisms’ morphology recorded to determine diversity of microorganism in Sungai Kelantan, Kota Bharu. DNA extraction protocol used TE buffer, CTAB buffer, Proteinase K, lysozyme, chloroform, cold ethanol and 70% ethanol. Products of DNA extraction then undergo agarose gel electrophoresis for 30 minutes at 80 volt to ensure presence of DNA. DNA then amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction. The PCR results have multiple bands because of over amplification. It can be overcome by increasing annealing temperature. The diversity of water microorganism of Sungai Kelantan is diversed based on the abundance of shape, margin, elevation, appearance, optical density and pigmentation. Grams also showed diversity of water microorganism by variety of different shape microorganisms found in Sungai Kelantan, Kota Bharu.