Geology and groundwater quality studies of domestic well at Tanah Merah, Kelantan

Groundwater is one of the alternative source during the dry season or during flood season. To fulfil the demand of the groundwater sources, the water quality is one of the important factor that should be measure. The contaminated groundwater can cause adverse effect to humans. Domestic well water sample is collected from 15 well located at different locations covering the area of study area in Tanah Merah town. The well water samples is analyzed for their physico-chemical parameter. This physical parameter such as water level, temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) is measured by using some intruments such as Multiparameter probe, Portable TSS probe, portable Turbidimeter and dip meter. The chemical parameter such as hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Ferum, Potasssium,Sodium, Bicarbonates, Sulphate, Nitrate, Chloride, Silica, and Fluoride is measured in laboratory by using the Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), titration method and also gravimetric method. The hydrochemical facies of the well water at the study area is determined by using piper diagram.The result of the analysis is compared with the standardize value by World Health Organization (WHO) and Ministry of Health (MoH). Water Quality Index (WQI) is also applied to identify the overall water quality at Tanah Merah. From the analysis carried on these sample, 8 well out of 15 well is contaminated and the WQI result stated the overall well water is in poor quality status. From the piper diagram, the dominant group is bicarbonate-sodium-potassium.There is two types of rock at study area, which is sedimentary rock and volcanic igneous rock. The volcanic igneous rocks consist of andesite and tuff.