Physical and chemical characteristics of Delta Sediments, Tumpat (Western Sungai Kelantan), Kelantan

Kelantan delta is a dominated wave action delta. It is an open coast delta with strong long shore current and exposed to north-east (November to January) and south-west monsoon (February to October) annually. North-east monsoon hit Kelantan at its highest peak during its season and bring along high energy of wind, tidal and Waves. Geomorphology of Kelantan delta is rapidly evolves caused by the north-east monsoon climate which transported and deposited sand, silt and clay to various sub-environments exist and produce numerous of sandy barriers. This research is located on four (4) different delta facies with various physical and chemical characteristics of delta facies based on the physical and chemical characteristics of the delta sediments settled. The four facies are, Facies A: Sandy River Point Bars, Facies B: Mudflats, Facies C: Sandy Beach and Facies D: Sandy Spit Bars. There are five (5) parameters to examine the physical characteristics of delta sediments and two (2) parameters to identify the chemical characteristics of delta sediments. The five (5) parameters to examine the physical characteristic of delta sediments are: petrography of sand thin section slides, the grain size analysis, the moisture content test, the organic matter content test and the specific gravity test for the sediments. The two (2) parameters to examine the chemical characteristic of delta sediments are: the pH test and X-Ray Diffiaction (XRD) test for the sediments.