Antibacterial activities of ten local medicinal plant methanolic extracts against four types of enteric bacteria, vibrio sp., pseudomonas sp., escherichia coli and salmonella sp.

This study was carried out to investigate medicinal values of ten local medicinal plants, Lemak Ketam leaves (Dendrolobium umbellatum (L.) Benth), Cekur Manis (Sauporus androgynus (L.) Merr), Lonan (Annona squamosa L.), Lengkuas (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd), lxora (lxora coccinea Linn), Dukung Anak (Phyllanthus amarus L.), Sireh (Piper betle L.), Bunga Cina (Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis), Beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) and Garuda (Ruta angustifolia (L.) Pers.). The main objectives of the present study was to evaluate antibacterial properties of ten local medicinal plants leaf extracts against Vibrio sp., Pseudomonas sp., Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. isolated from smoked Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea. Antibacterial properties of ten medicinal plants extract were revealed by using agar well diffusion assay and standard two-fold microdilution method. The solvent used to extract the properties of respective plants was 70% methanolic solution. Out of ten tested plants, only A. squamosa and P. betle were not sensitive towards the growth of Vibrio sp. S. androgynus and I. coccinea were found successfully inhibits the growth of E. coli. As in Pseudomonas sp., D. umbellatum, I. coccinea, P amarus, P. betle and R. angustifolia showed positive inhibition where as I. coccinea, P. betle and G. jasminoides were found successfully suppressed the growth of Salmonella sp.. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of ten local medicinal leaf extract against Vibrio sp. ranged from 3.9 to 250 mg/L. Vibrio sp. was failed to grow at the concentration of 3.9 mg/L of I. coccinea plant extract. It was also failed to grow at the concentration of 31.3 mg/L of A. galanga plant extract. At the concentration of 62.5 mg/L, leaf extracts of a umbellatum, P. amarus and R. angustifolia were found can inhibit the growth of Vibrio sp.. S. androgynus and P. indica were successfully to control the growth of Vibrio sp. at the concentration of 125 mg/L. As for leaf extract of G. jasminoides, it inhibits the growth of Vibrio sp. at the concentration of 250 mg/L. From present investigation, the findings confirmed the therapeutic potency of local medicinal plants. However, further studies are still required in term of in vivo test to justify the findings before we go for commercialization in order to gain the highest benefits from these natural medicinal plants.