General geology at Kampung Bedal and flood vulnerability mapping at Kota Bharu by using geographical information system (GIS)

Geological map is a map showing the distribution of rock unit and structure across a region, usually on a plane surface. Temangan is an area that has a wide variety of geological sources. This study covers Kampung Bedal, Kuala Krai, Kelantan. The study of geological formation at there with scale 1:25,000 is a ratio scale which can give a detailed geologic map with excellent source of information for making site-specification decision about the sub-division of the study area. The study involved survey traverse, geological field mapping for sampling, field data analysis, laboratory analysis for petrographic study and update the current geological map. The generated general geological map of Kampung Bedal consists of information about lithology, stratigraphy, and structural geology. The geological map of Kampung Bedal is improved and the lithology of the study area includes of ignimbrite, andesite, interbedded sandstone, shale, mudstone and siltstone and Taku schist. Effective flood management needs an efficient way of determining the flood hazard for various proposed. Then, a new approach using geographical information system (GIS) is used in this study to gauge its effectiveness to improve the mapping and develop a good flood hazard management system. In Malaysia usually the Northeast Monsoon circulations occur during the month of December until February. Kelantan is the one the states located in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Floods occur periodically in Kota Bharu, Kelantan due to heavy rainfall during the monsoon season every year. Kota Bharu has an area of 394km2 which is located in the Lower of Kelantan River. It is consist of several major districts which were Badang, Kemumin, Panji, Bandar Kota Bharu, Sering, Kota, Kubang Kerian, Pendek, Kubang Kerian, Banggu, Pendek, Limbat, Peringat, Beta, Kadok and Ketereh. This study identifies and maps the flood prone area along Kelantan River in Kota Bharu by using GIS. The data has been collected from field investigations and historical flood areas reports for the study area. A GIS was applied for analyze the data to analyze the potential vulnerability to flood along the Kelantan River at Kota Bharu. The result shows the area along Kelantan River that prone to flood based and possessed high risk to vulnerability for flood to occur compare to other area in Kota Bharu.