Extraction of gallic acid from Chromolaena sp. using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)

Chromolaena sp. is believed to have phytochemical components namely alkaloids, flavonoids, flavone, essential oils, phenolics, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) procedure was performed to extract the gallic acid extraction from the Chromolaena sp. UAE is known to be an environmentally green extraction method. The experiment was carried out with two different parameters which are sonication time and duty cycle. Phytochemical screening, High performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was employed to determine the optimum condition for the extraction method. Phytochemical screening result showed the presence of phenolic compound when the dark-green colour of solution was observed. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: sonication time of 80 minutes with yield of 3.0060 mg/mL and duty cycle of 10% with yield of 3.7641 mg/mL. The FT-IR result shows that presence of O-H and alkene group in the extraction sample. From the result, it can be concluded that UAE is an effective method to extract gallic acid from Chromolaena sp. The implication in this study were reducing the extraction time for the production of herbs medicine from natural resource like plant.