Toxicity study of ubi gadong starch (Dioscorea hispida) on zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Dioscorea hispida dennst (D.hispida) is a type of wild yam from the Dioscoreacea family that can be abundantly found in the tropical and subtropical country. The raw tubers contain dioscorine, an alkaloid that can cause allergic reactions for consumer. However, the D. hispida tuber contain abundant amount of starch, has become a staple food in some part of place and traditionally used in medicine for various purposes. Thus, this study aim to determine the toxicity of starch contained in D. hispida tuber. The functional group of D. hispida starch was identified by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and characterize using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Non- Observed Adverse Effect Level (NAOEL) and lethal dosage (LD50) of D.Hispida starch was conducted and Zebrafish (Denio rerio) was chosen as an animal model. Different concentrations of 0, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000mg/kg were gavaged on Zebrafishes for 24 hours. The results showed that NOAEL is 500mg/kg, while LD50 value is 1500mg/kg. histopathology study showed that Kidney of zebrafish most severely affected in this study