Identification and characterization of batik wastewater bacteria and determination of its reactive orange 16 decolorization ability

Unlocking sustainable solutions for batik wastewater treatment remains a pressing challenge due to the prevalent use of harsh chemicals. In response, this study delves into a bioremediation approach, focusing on the decolorization of Reactive Orange 16, a ubiquitous azo dye found in batik wastewater. The objectives of this study are (1) Identification and characterization of bacteria isolated from batik industry wastewater using biochemical and molecular methods, and (2) Evaluation of the isolated bacteria's ability to decolorize Reactive Orange 16 dye. This study was isolated bacteria from batik wastewater that could decolorize Reactive Orange 16 dye. Molecular and biochemical techniques, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, were employed for the identification and characterization of the isolated bacteria. Subsequent BLAST analysis confirmed and classified the obtained sequences, enhancing the precision and reliability of the findings. The key findings reveal the successful isolation of three bacteria (Y1, P1, and W1) from batik wastewater, achieving a significant reduction to 2 mg/L within just six days. Through BLAST analysis, these bacteria were identified as Klebsiella sp., Citrobacter sp., and Gamma proteobacteria sp., respectively, underscoring their potential for bioremediation in batik wastewater treatment. The significance of strain Y1, identified as Klebsiella sp., for its rapid and efficient decolorization of Reactive Orange 16, highlights its potential for long-term bioremediation in the batik industry. This discovery not only demonstrates the efficacy of strain Y1, but also the larger potential of bacteria isolated from batik wastewater for environmentally friendly treatment methods.