Antimicrobial properties of chitosan extract from etok shell (corbicula fluminea)

Chitosan's sustainability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and adsorption enable a diverse variety of uses in food, water treatment, agriculture, cosmetics, and medicines. The aim of this research is to extract chitosan from etok shells and investigate its antimicrobial properties. The Kelantan region offers an abundance of etok sources that may be used to produce various biomass products such as chitosan. The extraction procedure consists of four phases: demineralization, deproteinazation, decolorization, and deacetylation which is produce a white chitin. The chitosan obtained from etok shell was measured by its degree of deactylation using elemental analysis, functional group by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and antimicrobial activity were performed. The chitosan yield from etok is 4% by weight. The elemental analysis shows that the sample's carbon and nitrogen values are 13.14% and 3.38%, respectively. The FTIR spectrum also clearly demonstrates the particular identification of chitosan at a large peak at 3300-3600 cm⁻¹ suggests stretching vibrations of both O-H (hydroxyl) and N-H (amine) groups on the spectrum. Finally, nearly all of the sample responds to the Escherichia coli germ in the antimicrobial test rather than another bacteria.