Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of curcuma xanthorrhiza crude plant extract

Curcuma Xanthorrhiza contains a variety of phytochemical components, including terpenoids and cucuminoids, it is thought to have considerable promise as a herbal medicine for both people and animals. In this work, two distinct solvents which is distilled water and methanol were utilised in the maceration process to extract the phytochemical components from the plant. Based on phytochemical screening, the presence of bioactive compounds in the the crude extract of Curcuma Xanthorrhiza was influenced by the solvents used. Tannins were only present in methanol extracts, while saponins and steroids were only present in distilled water extract. Next, DPPH radical inhibition and IC₅₀ data show that ascorbic acid has better antioxidant activity than plant extract. Distilled water extract has a higher antioxidant activity with an IC5₀ value of 1.5021 mg/mL. This is followed by ascorbic acid (1.3671 mg/mL) and methanol extract (1.4837 mg/mL). Based on the phytochemical screening, distilled water yielded better results for the extraction of Curcuma Xanthorrhiza rhizome compared to the methanol extract. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity study showed both extract and ascorbic acid standard have a very strong antioxidant activity.