Effect of calcium copper titanate (CaCu3Ti4O12)/ barium titanate (BaTiO3) composition in electrical and microstructural properties

Barium Titanate (BT) and Calcium Copper Titanate (CCTO) are renowned for their high dielectric properties, and they have been extensively researched for the miniaturization of microelectronic devices. Integrating CCTO’s high dielectric constant property with BT’s low loss as a composite could leverage the benefits of both compounds. This research explores the electrical and microstructural behavior of BT and CCTO in their composite form, synthesized via the solid-state reaction method. The composite mixture was formulated according to BaTiO3.xCaCu3Ti4O12, where x = 0.2, 0.5, 1, 1.2, and 1.5 mol%. A semi-quantitative analysis confirmed the composition, with minor variations potentially arising from milling factors. Notably, the milling process led to the formation of oxygen vacancies, as observed from the TGA/DSC analysis. Next, sintered pallets samples were treated with furnace for 1050℃ in 10 hours. Samples were characterised for electrical, microstructural and morphology properties. The microstructure of the composite also showed the crystal of CCTO immersed in the BT with good surface contact and the surface morphology show that has many pores and agglomeration of CCTO particles, which reduce its mechanical strength. While, for both density and porosity, the density of CCTO/BT which is 0.2mol% pallet at 4.21g/cm3 and the lowest is 1.2mol% pallet at 2.66g/cm3 meanwhile for porosity 0.5mol% has the lowest porosity. For electrical properties, it shows an increasing CCTO/BT content can improve the dielectric constant from between 7.54 and 50.5 at 10 MHz and dielectric loss is decreasing from 6.1 to 1.0 at 10 MHz. In conclusion, all the testing that throughout, the most excellent composition that exhibits excellent properties is 1.2mol% of CCTO/BT.