Analysis And Characterization Of Biochar From Different Bamboo Species Prepared Via Pyrolysis

The issue of deforestation and the demand to avoid using native forest resources for the production of char, the use of renewable materials, and the development of additional sustainable techniques have become more important. Bamboo, biomass with a fast growth rate, is a viable alternative to native or reforested wood. This research aims to determine its effect on the properties of bamboo biochar that was produced by slow pyrolysis at 500°C for three different species of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris, Gigantochloa albociliata, and Schizostachyum brachycladum). The bamboo biochar was analyzed and characterized, as well as the biochar samples that resulted in (proximate, GCV, TGA, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDS). The analysis of samples of the proximate analysis such as moisture content, volatile matter content, ash content and fixed carbon content of bamboo biochars were done using standard procedures of ASTM D3175. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to investigate the thermal degradation behavior of bamboo biochar. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is used to identify the functional groups present in the bamboo biochar. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to examine the degree of crystallinity of cellulose structures in the biochar. XRD analysis show at 20=23' because of the presence of amorphous carbon. The surface morphology and elemental analysis of bamboo biochar were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (EDS). Moreover, the gross calorific value (GCV) of biochar is determined according to ISO 18125. GCV was used to obtain the total value of energy after combustion. Bamboo biochar has qualities and properties that make it appropriate for use as an energy source and soil enhancement.
Keywords: bamboo biochar, proximate analysis, slow pyrolysis, Gross Calorific Value (GCV).