Synthesize Zinc Oxide Nanostructure By Hydrothermal For Antibacterial Activity

Nanotechnology has resulted in the discovery ZnO of materials with new properties that can be used as antimicrobial agents. Zinc Oxide (ZnO) is very promising material for semiconductors device. The physical and chemical properties of (ZnO) nanoparticles vary depending on how they are produced. ZnO nanoparticles of different particles sizes were synthesize via the hydrothermal method by varying the autoclave reaction temperature from 100°c, 120°c, 140°c, 160°c and 180°c. The shape and particle size of the produced ZnO nanoparticles were investigated by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The studies showed that the prepared samples had high purity crystalline structure with wurtzite hexagonal ZnO and its crystallinity increases as the reaction temperature increase. Subsequently, its antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus microorganisms was evaluated by agar well diffusion test with different samples of ZnO nanoparticles because of their antimicrobial activity, they are commonly used in the food industry to protect colours and prevent spoilage. ZnO NPs antimicrobial properties are due to their ability to destroy bacteria's cell walls and inhibit DNA replication. The material concentration showed a slight change in the percentage of inhibition effect for all microorganisms. However, Antimicrobials incorporated into packaging materials allow for the incremental diffusion of target bactericidal or bacteriostatic compounds into a food matrix, eliminating the need for large concentrations of antimicrobials directly on the food component.
Keywords: Zinc Oxide, Hydrothermal method, Agar well diffusion test
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