Case–control study on risk factors associated with Brucella Melitensis in goat farms in Peninsular Malaysia

Caprine brucellosis is a bacterial zoonotic infection
affecting goats especially in developing countries all over the
world. In Malaysia, the risk factors associated with this infection
in farms have not been studied. A case–control study was
carried out in goat farms in four states of Malaysia to elucidate
the risk factors associated with the infection on the farms
using structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews.
Results indicate that the introduction of new animals (OR=
5.25; 90 % CI=1.46, 18.88), younger age category of farms
(OR=5.53; 90 % CI=1.09, 21.66), and farms with single
breed of goats (OR=8.50; 90 % CI=1.27, 41.97) were significant
risk factors for brucellosis. In order to control brucellosis
or possibly eradicate it in goat farms, these factors need to be
dealt with. Enforcing stringent importation protocols or
complete ban of goat importation from brucellosis endemic
countries will help reduce risk of introducing new infection
into the country