General geology and groundwater quality around Kampung Gunong Timor, Bachok, Kelantan

The research was conducted to study on the general geology and hydrogeology condition at KampungGunong Timor, Bachok in Kelantan. The research mainly aims to updated the geological maps, to analysis the distribution and groundwaterfacies of major ion in shallow groundwater and lastly to identify groundwater quality by comparing with World Health Organization (WHO) and Ministry of Health (MOH). The topography is covered by sediment coast Quatemary sediments and granite paving stone. The syenogranite in Bukit Panchor generally has phaneritic structure and consisting alkali feldspar minerals. The groundwater quality changes due to climate, irrigation and urbanization process. A total of 15 groundwater sample was taken to analysis the physical and chemical parameter. In-situ parameter such as temperature, total dissolved solid (TDS), potential hydrogen (pH) and electrical conductivity (EC) was measured using portable multi parameter. The chemical parameter such as Sodium (Na+), Magnesium (Mg²+), Potassitun (K+), Calcium (Ca²+) and Iron (Fe²+was analyzed through inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) whereas Bicarbonates (HCO₃-) and Chloride (Cl-) was tested through titration and Fluoride (F-) by colorimetric method and Sulphate (SO₄²-) through gravimetric method. Through Piper Trilinear Diagram, groundwater samples are classified as calcium sulphate of typically gypsum groundwater water and sodium chloride water of marine region. Therefore, 9 water samples out of 15 water samples have exceeded the guidelines value WHO and MOH. Among the entire well sample, the concentration of hardness and calcitun ion is highest in well sample 3 and directly deteriorates the quality of groundwater.