General geology and heavy metal distribution in soil of Kg. Renok, Gua Musang, Kelantan

A study on the general geology and heavy metals distribution in soils was conducted in Kg. Renok, Gua Musang, Kelantan. The study area was bounded by latitude between 4° 54’18.59“ to 4° 54’ 16.71” N and longitude 101" 59’ 1.08” to 102° 2’ 6.65” E with dimension 25 km² per area. Kg. Renok is located in Gua Musang Formation and also a part of Gunung Rabong Formation. The geological map of the study area has been produced and updated by using geographic information system (GIS) method with the scale of 1:25000. Based on the geological mapping that has been done, Kg. Renok consists of mainly mudstone, limestone, sandstone, quartzite and shale and was analyzed using petrographic analysis in order to determine its mineral composition. A total 01°20 soil samples for different locations were collected from topsoil for analyzing the heavy metal elements. All the soils were undergoing soil digestion and have been analyzed by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Results showed the presence of five heavy metal elements which are lead (Pb), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), magnesium (Mg) and copper (Cu) in the soil samples. The analysis showed the different of concentration of heavy metal elements in the soil. The sources of the higher concentration for each element were detected. Main sources of these element mainly from anthropogenic sources such as agricultural activities and vehicles that contribute to high contamination in soil. Heavy metal distribution maps for each element were created of by using geographic information system.