The Effectiveness of graphene oxide towards Aphanomyces sp. Isolated from Crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus and water parameters that trigger crayfish plague

GO in this study was investigated its effectiveness against Aphanomyces sp. by performing well diffusion method and Zone of lnhibition (ZOI) were noted. By twofold dilutions, concentrations of GO suspensions are ranging from 7.81 to 4000 mg/L. ln present study, three Red Claw Crayfish were maintained for a period of 30 days in three different tanks with their respective diets. Water parameters; pH and ammonia were measured and evaluated along the maintaining period. Aphanomyces sp. were successfully isolated on PDA culture media from Red Claw Crayfish that inhibits Tank C and identified using colonial morphological characteristics and typical asexual characteristics observed under light microscope with 10x magnification. Results revealed that GO with concentration ranging from 7.81 to 125mg/L exhibit anti-fungal activities at moderate level of effectiveness against the Aphanomyces sp. isolates to which 56% sensitive cases reported. The pH reading of the three tanks as per overall lies between 6.32 up to 7.69 and ammonia level of Tank A was found to be harmless whereas Tank B and C displayed ammonia level averagely at harmful with long-term exposure when analyzed its relations with pH reading.