Mapping species distibution of selected species of Homalomena Genus( Araceae) in Kelantan

Nowadays, the development and resource exploitation has gotten expand as the population of human gotten bigger, the dependence of human toward natural resource getting worse as time goes by. Thus makes it as the main factor for a lot of environmental issues nowadays. For examples are, deforestation, pollution, and species extinction. The species degradation of plant and animal may become a huge deals in future. In this study, the, distribution of selected species of Homalomena Genus of Araceae family plant in Kelantan is mapped and the suitable are that is fit with the optimum growth factor of selected species is predicted by using Ecological Niche Modelling. Basically, this study is aimed to construct the species distribution map, predict the population of species and determine the optimum growth factor of selected species of Homalomena Genus within Kelantan. The locality of the selected species which are H. curvata, H. truncata, H. pontederifolia, H. humilis and H. griffithii is obtained by through two sources that are from Herbarium collection and data from previous study. Next, the data obtained will be layered with environmental layer known as climate variables. These environmental data comprised of annually, minimum, mean, maximum level range of temperature and precipitation as well as the slope and altitude then is manipulated using MAXENT program and DIVA GIS software. The program is required all of environmental data of study area and locality data of subject as to determine the factor effecting the rate of distribution of the species studied thus generate the map. The result shows that, all five selected species are shown to be suitable to grow surround Kuala Krai area in Kelantan and the MAXENT program has proven that percipitation factor is the most effecting in growth of the selected species. The recommendations of this study are as follows: (i) applying the habitat loss and land use factor in distribution of Homalomena genus in Kelantan, so that the relationship between the distribution and the land use of the area can be determine and (ii) determination of conservation status of the selected species.