Antibacterial mechanism of borreria laevicaulis plant extracts

Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases following by increase resistance of microorganisms is occur currently at an alarming rate that caused worldwide concern. Hence, there is an urge of developing novel antibiotics in order to combat emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. To study the antimicrobial mechanisms of Borreria laevicaulis extracts against gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative bacteria (Salmonella thyphimurium) along with its antibacterial susceptibility test. Extracts of the plants were prepared with solvents of different polarity using soxhlet apparatus. Plants were screened for their antimicrobial activity by using well diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) broth dilution method. Bacteria was further tested for antibacterial mechanism that included Scanning Electron Microscope, DNA isolation and analysis and Protein Isolation and analysis. The antibacterial susceptibility test revealed that all of the plant extracts were capable to inhibit the bacteria growth. For antibacterial mechanism, hexane and acetone extract were showing effect on the bacteria cultures as there is disruption on the cell surface. While for DNA isolation and analysis, most of the treated cultures were showing faint fluorescence band compared to untreated cultures. The antibacterial mechanism for protein isolation and analysis was negative as the protein band for all the treated cultures were unaffected and same with the treated cultures. This study proven and supported the use of Borreria laevicaulis which has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity in traditional remedies and able to be developed as a potential antimicrobial drugs.