Characterization of bacteria in smoked Asian Clam, Corbicula fluminea, with emphasis on its Antibiogram

Asian clam, Corbicula fluminea was found well distributed in Kelantan states and it is a popular snack in Kelantan, Malaysia. In this study, bacteria species in smoked Asian clam were isolated in selective culture media and bacteria colony were identified using colonial morphological characteristics, Gram's staining, catalase test and indole Kovacs test. Antibiotics susceptibility test was then carried out by using disk diffusion method against 17 tested types of antibiotics to determine the susceptible, intermediate and resistance toward the bacterium. These tested antibiotics were named ampicillin (AMP 10), chloramphenicol (C 30), doxycycline (DO 30), erythromycin (E 15), florfenicol (FFC 30), flumequine (UB 30), kanamycin (K 30), lincomycin (MY 15), nalidixic acid (NA 30), novobiocin (NV 30), oleandomycin (OL 15), oxolinic acid (OA 2), oxytetracycline (OT 30), penicillin G (P 10), spiramycin (SP 100), sulphamethoxazole (RL 25) and tetracycline (TE 30). Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas elongata, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio paraheamolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus were successfully isolated from smoked Asian clam. Antibiotic susceptibility test results indicated that most susceptible cases which showed 48.49%, intermediate cases which showed 6.36% and resistance which showed 45.15%. All isolates bacteria seemed highly resistance to lincomycin with approximately 97% of resistance. However, doxycycline, florfenicol, flumequine, oxytetracycline and tetracycline showed more than 70% were susceptible to antibiotics. The multiple resistance index showed 0.45 which indicated that sample of smoked Asian clam was highly expose to tested antibiotics.