Identification of nymphoides indica and eichhornia crassipes as potential plants for the phytoremediation of batik wastewater

This study was conducted to investigate the potential of water snowflake, Nymphoides indica and water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes to remediate batik wastewater. The endurance studies of both species of plants had shown that water hyacinth had a higher endurance limit toward batik wastewater than that of water snowflake. Therefore, the phytoremediation study of batik wastewater was further conducted with water hyacinth as the agent.
The results from phytoremediation had shown that water hyacinth was capable to reduce the concentration of sodium (Na), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr), by 30.8 mg/L, 0.014 mg/L, 0.089 mg/L, and 0.007 mg/L respectively. Na was found to be highly accumulated in the stems of water hyacinth, while Cu, Pb, and Cr were all found to be highly accumulated in the roots of water hyacinth.