Characterisation of salmonella spp. from smoked etak (corbicula fluminae)

This project was conducted to study the existence of Salmonella spp. in smoked "Etak (Corbicula fluminae). It involved the isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. from the clam as well as profiling the antibiogram and heavy metal of the bacteria. Salmonella spp. was isolated from both C. fluminae flesh and shell. Then identification of the bacteria from this clam was conducted by using BBL CrystalTM Identification Systems (Enteric/Nonfermenter ID Kit). The identification test of Salmonella spp. showed positive colour changes in the wells. On the other hand, the antibiotioc susceptibility tests for Salmonella spp. showed that the bacteria were highly sensitive to 6 antibiotics, chloramphenicol, C (30 [1g/disc), nalidixic acid, NA (30 ig/disc), oxolinic acid, OA (2 rig/disc), amoxicillin, AML (25 [1g/disc), tetracycline, TE (30 [1g/disc) and ampicillin, AMP (10 mg/disc). Salmonella spp. were resistant to 4 antibiotics namely sulphamethaxazole, RL (25 kg/disc), novobiocin, NV (30 kg/disc), compound sulphonamides, S3 (300 kg/disc), and spiramycin, SP (100 .ig/disc) (Oxoid, England).Meanwhile, for heavy metals profiling, Salmonella spp. showed high sensitivity against Chromium (Cr6+), Zinc (Zn2+), and Mercury (Hg2+). However the sensitivity and resistance against Copper (Cu2+) were 40% to 60%. Analysis of antibiotic and heavy metals resistance of Salmonella spp. showed clear information about the safety or pollution level of the river.