Analysis of antioxidant activity in different part of wild yam (Dioscorea hispida dennst)

Dioscorea hispida dennst can be category as yam and as staple food in the subtropical and tropical regions of the world. Several species of yam tubers have been shown to contain significant amounts of phenolic compounds. Hence these tubers could be a good source of nutritional antioxidants. Antioxidant activity is one of the most vital properties of plant extracts because scientists have looked for the sources of natural antioxidants which can replace synthetic ones in many cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food formulations. In search of sources of antioxidants in the past, medicinal plants have been extremely studied. There are several methods to determine antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content was spectrophotometry method which using Folin- Ciocalteu assay and Aluminium Chloride assay. The antioxidant activity was determining using DPPH radical scavenging assay. HPLC was used in order to detect polyphenol present in tuber, peel and stem of Dioscorea hispida dennst using standard (quercetin, gallic acid and ascorbic acid). The total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity was shown in tuber, peel and stem of Dioscorea hispida dennst. However, peel showed the highest total phenolic content (13.03±0.04a), total flavonoid content (33.28±5.37a) and antioxidant activity (73.68±0.67a). HPLC analysis show present of gallic acid and ascorbic acid in tuber, peel and stem. Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity was showed highest in the peel of Dioscorea hispida dennst