Optimisation of Adsorption Parameters Using Bamboo Biochar For The Removal Of Methylene Blue Dye by Response Surface Methodology

Dye in wastewater from industry discharged is a threat to living ecosystem. Biosorbents as dye removal tools via adsorption mechanisms is a potential solution for this critical issue. Bamboo was used as an agricultural waste to act as adsorbent. In this study, potential biochar from bamboo was used for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye. Batch adsorption studies focused on three parameters which are initial dye concentration ( 10 mg/L to 60 mg/L ), adsorbent dosage ( 0.2 g to 1.0 g ) and contact time ( 10 minutes to 60 minutes ). The concentration of MB dye after adsorption was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer with the wavelength of 665 nm. The bamboo was carbonized using furnace under high temperature of 500°C, for two hours. The optimisation studies using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was performed using Design Expert Software Version 10.0. The effect of parameters on MB removal was determined using Central Composite Design (CCD) model. The highest percentage removal is at 97% with the operating conditions of initial concentration of 60 mg/L, adsorbent dosage of 1.0 g and contact time of 60 minutes. Predicted value of the highest percentage of MB removal is 97.13%. The highest adsorption capacity is at 14.12 mg/g at the operating conditions of initial concentration of 60 mg/L, adsorbent dosage 0.2 g and contact time of 60 minutes. Predicted value for highest adsorption capacity are 13.93 mg/g. From this study, bamboo biochar was found to be potential adsorbent to remove MB dye.