Effect of calcination duration on Calcium Copper Titanium Oxide (CCTO) single phases formation

Electroceramics is one of the ceramics materials that is widely investigated because of its specials abilities. Dielectric materials such as CCTO were instensely investigated because of its speciality of its high dielectric materials. This study described the effect of calcination duration on CCTO formation. Calcination duration play a vital role in producing CCTO formation. The study was conducted to determine the optimum calcination duration in CCTO single phase formation and to characterize the sample by their phases formation, microstructure, and particle size. The method used in this study is solid state reaction. The raw materials were mixed using ball mill for 24 hours and then calcined at 900 °C at different duration which is 10 hours, 12 hours and 14 hours. The calcined powder was characterized their phase formation by using XRD and microstructure observation via SEM. The calcined powder were pressed at 250 MPa and sintered in air at 1100 °C with soaking time of 10 hours. The sintered sample were then observed their morphology and particle size using SEM. The sintered sample were measured their shrinkage and density using Archimedes principles. Based on the XRD analysis, the single phase of CCTO was not obtained, due to detected CuO on every samples. CCTO that was calcined at 10 hours produced the highest CuO peak. The density of the sintered sample were decrease at longer sintering duration. The grain size of the CCTO calcined at 12 and 14 hours show denser grain size than the sample calcined for 10 hours. This prove that the longer calcination duration will increase the properties of CCTO.