Effect of zinc doping on electrical properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 produced using conventional and microwave techniques

Electroceramic is a part of ceramic, which is advanced material used for electrical properties. Electroceramic become importance in recent development of equipment and machine. The electroceramis compound (CaCu3Ti4O12) CCTO had very attractive due to its high dielectric constant but the dielectric lost is high due to lack of energy efficiency. In order to overcome this problem, doping with other element is one of the famous solutions. The objectives of this study are to improve properties of CCTO using conventional and microwave techniques. Three raw materials which are calcium carbonate (CaCO3), copper oxide (CuO) and titanium oxide (Ti02) were used powders. The raw materials were weighted according to stoichiometric ratios to form pure CCTO. For zinc doped CCTO, zinc concentration of percentage ratio of 1, 3, 5, and 10 mol % were formulated. The mixed powders were ball milled for 24 hours using wet mixing. The mixed powder was calcined by using convensional and microwave technques. For convensional technique the mixed powder calcined at 900°C with soaking time 12 hours whereas microwave technique is mixed powder calcined at 700°C with soaking time 40 minutes. This study was focused in characterization of pure and zinc doped CCTO properties such as surface microstructure and dielectric properties. Phase and microstructure were analysed by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The phase formation is tested by XRD, the result for both techniques was obtained that CCTO is not completely reacted due to not enough time. Dielectric properties measurements were done using Material Analyzer 1MHz- 1GHz. The increasing of zinc doping will increase the dielectric constant. The dielectric constant of formation of CCTO using microwave processing is decrease compare to dielectric constant of CCTO formation using furnace technique, due to not enough time to formation of CCTO.