Estimation of Flood Hazard Impacts on Road Network in Kelantan Using GIS

Kelantan is periodically exposed to flash floods that result in major human and
economical damages. That is due to several factors including its rugged topography and
geological structures. Hence, precise assessment of floods becomes more vital demand
in development planning. Kelantan have several federal roads that connected to other
state roads. The floods caused great damage to properties and human lives including
some of Kelantan federal and state roads. There are various methods used in attempt toprovide the most reliable ways to reduce the flood risk and damage on road network in Kelantan. Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial database was applied for
analyzing the data of the main street, river and geological information on a map. This
study important for identification and mapping flood area of road network that are
beneficial for flood management and distributes information to society. The data have
been collected from the field investigations and historical flood areas reports. A GIS
software was applied for analyzing the data to demonstrate the differential zones of the
flood. The result shows the area that prone to flood are based on three possibilities whichare low, medium and high. This study shows average of high hazard area for flood tooccur is 512.441 km2 with a percentage of 70%. Meanwhile, for medium hazard area is 211.220 km2 with percentage of 20% and low hazard area is 87.140 km2 with the
percentage of 10%. This study measure impacts on flood hazard towards road network
by producing a flood hazard map in Kelantan