Antimicrobial activity of chromolaena odorata and screening bioactive compound for the development of new phytopharmaceutical

Generally, the usage of plants and herbs give extreme benefits for healing process in which to cure the human disease. In this present study, Chromolaena odorata, (C.odorata) was selected as the functional medicinal plant. The antimicrobial activity of Chromolaena odorata with different sample parts of plants against bacterial strains was investigated and screened the natural bioactive compounds in order for development of new drug for microorganism-resistance. The parts of the plant that were used are stem, leaves and root. Two different solvent namely methanol and ethanol were used in the extraction process. Two different strains which are for Gram-negative strains is Escherichia coli and for Gram-positive is Staphylococcus aereus was selected to test the antimicrobial activity. Antimicrobial activity of solvent extract was preliminarily screened by using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test. The bacteria are incubated in 37oC within one day to get the result. There are three different extract concentration used which are 10μL, 20μL, 30μL. The diameter of the inhibition zone was measured to determine the resistance bacteria. Within the two bacteria, the gram positive bacteria which Staphylococcus aereus showed the positive result which shows clear zone of inhibition. While for negative bacteria which is E.coli also showed a clear zone of inhibition. However, compared to the other part of C.odorata plant, leaves part gives the best clear zone of inhibition while stem and root do not give any inhibition. Hence, in this research also was determined the amount of natural bioactive compound in that plant. The finding for this project will provided the fundamental scientific evidence of antimicrobial activity in different parts of C.odorata by using different solvents. Data obtained can be applied in pharmaceuticals field that able to improve the amount of medicinal plant in Malaysia methanol.