Developing a vulnerable map of paddy field affected by rainfall variability in Pasir Mas, Kelantan

In this era, the term vulnerability which emphasize the meaning of an area or object which are at high risk to the exposure of treats are one of the main current issues which are closely related to the environmental change that will lead to further disruptions including the changes on land use land cover (LULC).Therefore this study is conducted to identify 1) the LULC in Pasir Mas and to 2) develop a vulnerable map of paddy farmers based on the LULC map. Practically this study will identify the most vulnerable area in Pasir Mas which are most vulnerable towards the distribution of rainfall that might lead to flood occurrence and give adverse impact to agriculture sector and induced changes in farmer's net income. In this study, three satellite images are being processed for the year of 2004, 2007 and 2011 and were analysed by using Remote Sensing and Geological Information System (GIS).Next, the rainfall map of Pasir Mas were produced to show the distribution of rainfall. The land use data and the total rainfall data were then being used to produce this vulnerable map. The LULC map were mainly divided to 5 major classes which are the agriculture, forest, water bodies, cleared land and built up that also revealed the agriculture sector and forest are two main land cover in Pasir Mas. The vulnerable map of paddy farmers shows the relationship between rainfall distribution and LULC that also indicates the highest amount of rainfall distribution is on the land cover of agriculture and forest. Thus, when the amount of rainfall at the area is high, it will gives effect on the socio-economic variable of paddy farmers specifically farmer's net income. For future use, this vulnerable map is for the reference of those interested parties who are down to propose adaptations and mitigation steps to help the society to have better awareness and preparedness while dealing with the environmental changes that were induced from the high rainfall variability.