Diversity and distribution of pteridophytes (family: pteridaceae) in Gunung Stong State Park (GSSP), Kelantan

This study was conducted to identify the diversity and distribution patterns of pteridophytes within Gunung Stong State Park (GSSP), Kelantan, with a specific focus on the family Pteridaceae. Extensive field surveys were conducted across various elevations within GSSP, during which Pteridophyte species were identified, and meticulous documentation was carried out regarding their habitat preferences, elevation ranges, and ecological associations. Additionally, a random sampling method was used to collect data for taxonomic analysis. It had shown Pteridaceae family that was recorded at GSSP consisted of 11 species with 102 individuals belonging to five genera. Diversity index for Family: Pteridaceae was recorded using the Shannon Wiener -Index (H') as 2.183. The findings revealed a rich diversity of Pteridaceae species in GSSP, characterized by variations based on elevation, habitat type, and other microclimatic conditions. Notably, some ferns exhibited narrow altitudinal ranges, while others displayed broader distribution patterns. Understanding the distribution dynamics of Pteridaceae in GSSP is deemed essential for effective conservation efforts and informed ecosystem management, providing valuable insights into the unique fern flora thriving in this pristine tropical rainforest.