Diversity of Kingfisher (Alcedinidae) as a bioindicator of the healthy ecosystem in Lata Hokkaido Glamping Park Jeli, Kelantan

The kingfisher birds possess distinct characteristics and specific habitat requirements, making them reliable bioindicators of the overall ecosystem's health. This study investigates the diversity of kingfisher birds (Alcedinidae) at Lata Hokkaido Glamping Park to determine their role as bioindicators of the overall environmental health. The objectives of this study are to identify and record the species and number of kingfisher birds in the park using visual and auditory surveys, and to examine the relationship between the diversity and abundance of kingfisher birds and water quality using statistical methods and models. The methodology used in this study includes direct observation and point count. Statistical models used to study the relationship between diversity kingfisher and water quality are Descriptive statistics, Correlation analysis, Shannon Wiener Diversity Index and Margalef Diversity Index. The results of this study show that only 5 species of kingfisher birds were found in Lata Hokkaido Glamping Park, Jeli, Kelantan. The White-throated kingfisher species was the most prevalent at 49%. Using the Shannon-Wiener Index, the highest index was found in the river area with H’ = 1.096 compared to the pond area with H’ = 1.063. This shows that the ecosystem in the river area is healthier than in the pond area because the river area has a high diversity. The findings of this study can offer important insights into the ecological well-being of Lata Hokkaido Glamping Park and guide conservation initiatives aimed at protecting the environment.