Geological landslide susceptibility assessment using geographic information system (GIS) at Kampung Renyok, Jeli

Nowadays, a landslide tragedy is becoming a typical occurrence and a major source of concern across the world. In Malaysia, since this country experiences year-round heavy rainfall due to its tropical climate, it contributes a major reason to landslides including in Kelantan. Therefore, Kampung Renyok, in Jeli district, Kelantan has been chosen to perform a landslide study. The study area is aligned along latitude 5°35'20.00"N to 5°32'40.00"N and longitude 101°53'00"E to 101°55'20.00"E in Kampung Renyok and covers about 25km². The purpose of this research is to produce a geological map of the study area on the scale of 1:25000, to determine triggering factors to landslide and eventually to generate landslide susceptibility map. Geomorphology, lithology, stratigraphy, historical geology, and structural geology are also studied in this research. Additionally, this study has made use of remote sensing, online basemap interpretation, and a Geographic Information System (GIS) to interpret each resultant maps. During mapping, the distribution of rocks found in the study area is mainly slate rock and minor quartz-rich granitoid rock. Quartz-rich granitoid rock are found in areas with higher elevation hills while slate rock is found in areas with lower elevation hills. The highest peak with a height of 220m from mean sea level is a hill formed from intrusion of granitoid. Meanwhile, for landslide study, parameters such as slope, aspect, lithology, land use, drainage density, and lineament density were identified as the criteria that caused the occurrence of landslides. Most of the data was extracted by using Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The landslide susceptibility map was created in ArcGIS using ModelBuilder tool. Finally, the landslide susceptibility map was produced and shown three zones of landslide vulnerability area, which are low, moderate, and high. As a result, the majority of this research region is covered with moderate susceptibility of landslide, thus the risk of landslide occurring is considered as moderate in Kampung Renyok, Jeli.