Molecular Detection Of Vibrio Cholerae 01 Isolated From Diseased Seabass, Lates Calcarifer

An abstract of the research paper presented to the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, in partial requirement of the course DVT 55204 – Research Project. Cholera remains a global health threat, causing 95,000 deaths and 2.9 million infections annually. In Malaysia, the incidence rate was 0.35 cases per 100,000 people in 2021, with no deaths. However, there is limited research on Vibrio cholerae, particularly in the aquaculture sector, hindering public awareness and understanding of its zoonotic risks. The limited genetic studies, such as PCR-based methods, restricts efforts to trace transmission patterns and control Vibrio cholerae-related diseases. This research objective is to determine Vibrio cholerae 01 from diseased seabass. Vibrio cholera isolates were stored in the Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) with 50% glycerol in the Zoonotic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan. The isolates were revived in Tryptic Soy Agar, TSA. Isolates were then cultured on Thiosulphate citrate bile salts sucrose (TCSB) and CHROMagar for 24 h at 35॰C. Molecular detection of V. cholerae 01 using PCR method, followed by nucleotides sequencing for confirmation. As a result, six out of twelve samples confirmed to be V. cholerae 01 were from Kuala Pahang. The virulence and antibiotic resistance of V. cholerae can be influenced by genetic exchange. However, there is no research available on the virulent profile of V. cholerae 01 in aquatic animals from Kelantan and Pahang. It's important to characterize the isolates from these areas to better understand the current status of V. cholerae 01 emergence.
Keywords: Vibrio cholerae, cholerae disease, Polymerase chain reaction, molecular detection