Serological detection of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) in dairy cows from selected farms in malaysia

Epizootic Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) is a non-contagious viral infection with economic potential impacts, mainly affecting both wild and domestic ruminants. This study aimed to identify, expose and measure the antibody titre EHDV infection in dairy cow farms located in
four states in Malaysia. One hundred twenty (n=120) bovine serum archive samples were obtained from the previous research project in four states, including Sabah, Selangor, Perak and Pahang. The samples were tested using a Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (c-ELISA) kit to detect antibodies against EHDV. The steps were followed carefully and according to the manufacturer’s instructions (IDVET). All ELISA results’ optical densities (ODs) were then determined using an ELISA plate reader and read at 450 nm. The results were then calculated using the given formula and interpreted as positive, negative, and doubtful. The total prevalence of the 120 tested serum samples was 63%, 76 were positive against EHDV antibodies. Perak state showed the highest prevalence of 90%, with 18 positive samples out of 20. This was followed by Sabah, which had a prevalence of 80% with 16 positive samples out of 20. Meanwhile, Pahang was recorded with a prevalence of 53% with 21 positive samples out of 40, followed by Johor, which can be observed to record the lowest prevalence of 50% with 20 positive samples out of 40. Overall, the results indicate the presence and widespread distribution of EHDV infection across the selected four states with high-producing dairy cow farms in Malaysia.