Antibiogram of Escherichia coli isolated from diseased Flower horn fish (Cichlasoma sp.) Of aquarium shop

The ornamental fish trade is part of a wide and global market for products and resources, offering new professionals with services and employment possibilities while also assisting underdeveloped nations in their economic growth. Escherichia coli has become worldwide disease and is considered as main bacteria in ornamental fish. In this study, antibiograms of Escherichia coli are isolated and classified from diseased Flower Horn (Cichlasoma sp.) fish in an aquarium shop. Cichlasoma sp. is the scientific term for Flower Horn, also known as Hua Luo Han or Flower Horn cichlid, where most popular of hobbies with millions of enthusiasts worldwide. This study aim is to characterize the antibiogram of Escherichia coli via Most Probable Number (MPN) analysis and identify antibiogram of E. coli which isolated from aquarium shop ornamental Flower Horn fish for better antibiotic in future use. Escherichia coli are isolated from Flower Horn by direct streaking from abdomen, eye, gill, kidney, and skin onto the agar. All isolates are identified through clinical examination, Most Probable Number (MPN) Test and Antibiogram Susceptibility Test. Furthermore, E. Coli are tested with Multiple Antibiotic Resistances (MAR) using 16 type of antibiotic discs which are Novobiocin (30 μg), Tetracycline (30 μg), Flumequine (30 μg), Sulphamethoxazole (25 μg), Amoxycillin (25 μg), Chloramphenicol (30 μg), Compound Sulphonamides (300 μg), Spiramycin (100 μg), Ampicillin (10 μg), Oxytetracycline (30 μg), Doxycycline (30 μg), Nalidixic Acid (30 μg), Erythromycin (15 μg), Kanamycin (30 μg) and Oxolinic Acid (2 μg). The results show that the most resistant antibiotic towards E. coli is Compound sulphonamides (93.33%) while sensitive antibiotics are Erythromycin and Oxolinic Acid (93.33%). Multiple Antibiotic Resistance (MAR) index value are 0.50. Their value are more than 0.2 and indicated as high-risk antibiotic expose. This research is beneficial for researchers to establish effective tank management and a water-recirculation system, allowing Flower Horn to have a consistent supply of pollution-free freshwater and increase in health level.