Micropropagation of Bentong Ginger (Zingiber Officinale), Black Ginger (Kaempferia Parviflora), and Black Turmeric (Curcuma Caesia) using rhizome buds

Nowadays, the supply of Bentong Ginger, Black Ginger, and Black Turmeric in the Malaysian market considerably low to meet the increase demand in pharmaceutical industry. Most cosmetic and pharmaceutical companies prefer Bentong Ginger (H8), Black Ginger (BG), and Black Turmeric (BT) as their component in the products due to its beneficial phytochemicals content. FIB, BG, and BT arc also rich in important nutrients and antioxidants that are beneficial to human health. Slow growth due to it long period to reach maturity had caused lack of Bentong Ginger, Black Ginger, and Black Turmeric to of seedling available in the market. This study was aimed to increase rapid production of Bentong Ginger, Black Ginger, and Black Turmeric through micropropagation methods. In this study. the effect of antibiotics in establishment of contamination-free explant and the effects of PGRs on the multiplication rate was investigated. First experiment was carried out using rhizome bud of Bentong Ginger, Black Ginger and Black Turmeric at different size of explant (0.1-1.0 cm and 1.1-2.0 cm) against different concentration of Ampicillin (20 mg/1.. and 50 mg/l.). For the second experiment, plantlets form tint experiment was multiplied using different PGRs combination of 1.0 mgt BAP with 03 NAA and 2.0 mg11. BAP with 1.0 mg/L NAA for shoots and roots induction. The results reveal that contaminstion-fme explant successfully establish w ith 50 mg/l. Ampicillin for explant size range, 1.1 cm to 2.0 cm. The highest shoots induction was observed in MS media containing 2.0 BAP and 1.0 NAA.