Potential health risk of metal concentration in fish species to Batek Tribe in Merapoh Pahang

This study aims to evaluate the distributions of metals elements in fish species (Cyclocheilichthys apogon, Barbodes lateristriga, Pristolepis groot, Rasbora elegans and Hemibagrus sp.) sampled from three different river in Merapoh, Pahang, and to assess the safety of the fish consumption among Batek Tribe. The concentrations of Cd, As, Ni, Pb, Zn and Cu in those samples were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) with acid digestion method which have been verified with a certified reference material (ERM BB422). The results revealed that the metal variability in the sampled fish originated from human activities around the sampling sites, in addition to natural causes. Such variations were also reflected on the metal accumulation pattern in the sampled fish, although the variations between different sampled fish were mainly subjected to their sampling sites location. In risk and safety assessment, the metal concentrations in the edible muscle of fish samples were found to be below the established limits (Malaysian Food Act,1983; Food and Agricultural Organization, USEPA), however target hazard quotient of As and Cd in Cyclocheilichthys apogon from Sungai Jalang and Sungai Kalong approached unity. Thus, it is advisable to regulate intake of the fish Cyclocheilichthys apogon to reduce the risk of deleterious health effect among Batek Tribe people.