The roles of moderating and mediating effect on burnout among nursing homes nurses in Malaysia.

Studies of burnout among nurses have mainly focused on the predictors that influence nurses in a hospital setting, and there has been less focus on nurses working in nursing homes. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors associated with burnout among nursing staff working in nursing homes. In achieving this aim, a correlational cross-sectional study was conducted using cluster sampling method involving a group of nurses (n=150) selected from nursing homes in Malaysia, with a response rate of 85.3% (128/150). The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey tool was used to estimate the prevalence of burnout among nursing home nurses. Both job demands and job resources were measured by the measurement from Vender Elst et al. (2016), measurement of self-efficacy was adapted from Afonso, Gatterman, & Ho (2017), and job satisfaction was measured from A Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction instrument by Thompson & Phua (2012). The distribution of the Maslach Burnout Inventory scores among the study group revealed that the majority of nurses (51.8%) had a high level of emotional exhaustion, and 61.3% scored high on depersonalisation. High levels of burnout were found in 60.6% of nurses, and 10.2% had moderate burnout levels. The proposed model provided some significant findings, such as job demands were shown to be positively significant on burnout. Similarly, job resources were found to be positively significant on job satisfaction. In contrast, job satisfaction was found to be negatively significant on burnout. The hypothesis of the moderating effect of self-efficacy was not supported. However, job satisfaction played a role as a mediator on the relationship between job resources and burnout. As such, this study suggests that job demands and job satisfaction are both important predictors of burnout in nurses working in nursing homes. This study contributes to the literature by examining job resources and job demands in predicting job satisfaction and burnout among nursing home nurses. From practical point of view, this study is helpful for policy makers, private nursing homes and other allied industries to prevent burnout and to stimulate job satisfaction in the specific context of nursing homes nurses. The findings of this study will help individual such as nursing home manager and nurses to reduce the risk of burnout by invest in increasing job resources and redesign job demands, as well as in training nurses to learn how to use these resources. In addition, from theoretical point of view, current study offered evidence on Job-Demands-Resources model within specific setting of nursing home nurses.