Bio-indicator as an assessment tool for recreational rivers

Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera are aquatic macroinvertebrates used to monitor and assess conditions of pristine rivers due to their sensitivity towards water quality degradation. The EPT implementation in monitoring river health is not widely used in Malaysia because it is time-consuming, requires expertise and the absence of a standardize EPT index. Thefore the objectives of the study were to determine the variation of local physical's river characteristic, physicochemical water quality and EPT assemblage within three selected recreational streams in Kelantan (Bukit Bakar, Jeram Pasu and Lata Mengaji).